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  • ENTERTAINMENT
    Erika Jayne refuses to hand over jewelry to the trustee as Tom Girardi is accused of owing hundreds of customers $ 26 million

    Erika Jayne refuses to hand over jewelry to the trustee as Tom Girardi is accused of owing hundreds of customers $ 26 million

    Scott Disick Says He “Loves” Kourtney Kardashian on “KUWTK”

    Scott Disick Says He “Loves” Kourtney Kardashian on “KUWTK”

    Lizzo on committing to one willful act of anti-racism per day

    Lizzo on committing to one willful act of anti-racism per day

    The demand for Disneyland tickets is overwhelming and causing long delays –

    The demand for Disneyland tickets is overwhelming and causing long delays –

    Cynthia Bailey Talks Change – Check Out Her Post

    Cynthia Bailey Talks Change – Check Out Her Post

    Jennifer Lopez and Alex Rodriguez Announce “We’re Better Than Friends” – National

    Jennifer Lopez and Alex Rodriguez Announce “We’re Better Than Friends” – National

    Your relationships & marriages

    Your relationships & marriages

    Arnold Schwarzenegger uses these quotes from his films in real life

    Arnold Schwarzenegger uses these quotes from his films in real life

    Luis Ruelas’ exes claim he is “sex-obsessed” when Teresa Giudice’s boyfriend’s ex-fiancé talks about his sexual demands

    Luis Ruelas’ exes claim he is “sex-obsessed” when Teresa Giudice’s boyfriend’s ex-fiancé talks about his sexual demands

    Oscars writers share wild stories about James Franco, Anne Hathaway

    Oscars writers share wild stories about James Franco, Anne Hathaway

    See the Kim’s Convenience Cast Series Finale Goodbye Posts

    See the Kim’s Convenience Cast Series Finale Goodbye Posts

    Televisa-Univision implements global OTT plans in Spanish –

    Televisa-Univision implements global OTT plans in Spanish –

    Phaedra Parks has a message about Daunte Wright

    Phaedra Parks has a message about Daunte Wright

    N.S. Introduces Bill to mark the end of slavery in British colonies with Emancipation Day

    N.S. Introduces Bill to mark the end of slavery in British colonies with Emancipation Day

    Larsa Pippen rocks Chanel bikini in Caribbean escape images

    Larsa Pippen rocks Chanel bikini in Caribbean escape images

    Jake Paul denies TikTok star Justine Paradise’s sexual assault claims

    Jake Paul denies TikTok star Justine Paradise’s sexual assault claims

    RHOSLC cast and producers “traumatized” by Fed’s arrest of Jen Shah, Jen shares new glam look and quote

    RHOSLC cast and producers “traumatized” by Fed’s arrest of Jen Shah, Jen shares new glam look and quote

    Kim Kardashian, the daughter of Kanye West

    Kim Kardashian, the daughter of Kanye West

    Netflix renews Bridgerton for seasons 3 and 4

    Netflix renews Bridgerton for seasons 3 and 4

    Disney + confirms David Beckham’s “Save Our Squad” series –

    Disney + confirms David Beckham’s “Save Our Squad” series –

  • TV & MOVIE

    Abduction Thriller GOODBYE HONEY Follows a Night of Terror on VOD May 11th

    Ken Burns’ latest is an exhaustive look at white male authorship [Review]

    Ken Burns’ latest is an exhaustive look at white male authorship [Review]

    New Escapist column! About the unrecognizable monstrosity in the heart of “Shin Godzilla” …

    New Escapist column! About the unrecognizable monstrosity in the heart of “Shin Godzilla” …

    The Courier – film review

    The Courier – film review

    F9 Official Trailer 2 | ‘s film blog

    F9 Official Trailer 2 | ‘s film blog

    “The Marijuana Conspiracy” plays like a full-length commercial with Canadian heritage [Review]

    “The Marijuana Conspiracy” plays like a full-length commercial with Canadian heritage [Review]

    New Escapist column! How “promising young woman” looks back …

    New podcast! The Escapist Movie Podcast – “Everyone Salutes Judas and the Black Messiah”

    Kindred (2020) review |

    Before the action buddy comedy begins, Sam & Bucky grapple with identity [Episode 1 Review]

    Before the action buddy comedy begins, Sam & Bucky grapple with identity [Episode 1 Review]

    New podcast! The Time Is Now – Season 3, Episode 22 (“Goodbye To It All”)

    New podcast! The Time Is Now – Season 3, Episode 22 (“Goodbye To It All”)

    Jacob’s wife – film review

    Jacob’s wife – film review

    Official teaser trailer for Hitman’s Wife’s Bodyguard

    Official teaser trailer for Hitman’s Wife’s Bodyguard

    Film Fest Trailer |

    Dominic Cooper’s Pitch Perfect Performance adds to the exciting espionage story of AMC + [Review]

    Dominic Cooper’s Pitch Perfect Performance adds to the exciting espionage story of AMC + [Review]

    Non-Review Review: Godzilla vs. Kong

    New escapist video! About the appealing pointlessness of “Godzilla vs. Kong” …

    Everyday Life, If Directed By… – Web Series

    A Gen Z lord of the flies in space

    Neil Burger’s “Lord of the Flies” in space morality is never entirely true to its nature [Review]

    New Escapist column! About the legacy of “Game of Thrones” …

    New Escapist column! About the legacy of “Game of Thrones” …

    Shiva Baby (2020) Movie Review

    The thriller with Casey Affleck and Michelle Monaghan is not a “Gone Baby Gone” meeting [Review]

    The thriller with Casey Affleck and Michelle Monaghan is not a “Gone Baby Gone” meeting [Review]

  • BUSINESS
    Daily US data on April 16

    Daily US data on April 16

    WHO chief warns of an infection rate approaching the highest level ever

    WHO chief warns of an infection rate approaching the highest level ever

    Hometown International, NJ Deli Owner, Millions’ worth of stock

    Hometown International, NJ Deli Owner, Millions’ worth of stock

    China says its economy grew 18.3% in the first quarter, which was slightly in line with expectations

    China says its economy grew 18.3% in the first quarter, which was slightly in line with expectations

    The yield on 10-year government bonds fell. Why it could be good news for stocks

    The yield on 10-year government bonds fell. Why it could be good news for stocks

    According to top analysts, Apple could stop producing new iPhone mini models by 2022

    According to top analysts, Apple could stop producing new iPhone mini models by 2022

    Banks and small companies count on the Congress to optimize PPP forgiveness

    The CNBC survey shows that infrastructure spending is receiving much less support than previous incentives

    Sustainable investing is nothing new to China, says the CEO

    Sustainable investing is nothing new to China, says the CEO

    Ahead of the Olympics, the Japanese minister said the Tokyo Covid surge could worsen

    Canceling the Tokyo Olympics is an option if Covid worsens

    Experts are discussing whether it is possible to achieve Covid immunity

    Experts are discussing whether it is possible to achieve Covid immunity

    Stock futures soar a few inches after the S&P 500 pulled back from the record

    Stock futures soar a few inches after the S&P 500 pulled back from the record

    American Airlines is increasing its domestic flight schedule to almost pre-pandemic levels

    American Airlines is increasing its domestic flight schedule to almost pre-pandemic levels

    According to EMA, the benefits of J&J Covid’s vaccine outweigh the risks

    According to EMA, the benefits of J&J Covid’s vaccine outweigh the risks

    Analysts discuss growth and profitability

    Analysts discuss growth and profitability

    Chinese technology stocks rebound on regulatory compliance approval

    Chinese technology stocks rebound on regulatory compliance approval

    Cathie Wood sees these two trends as the next big thing after electric vehicles

    Cathie Wood sees these two trends as the next big thing after electric vehicles

    GOP donors and lawmakers are planning the next attacks on the American company Big Tech

    GOP donors and lawmakers are planning the next attacks on the American company Big Tech

    Coinbase is unlike any market debut Wall Street has ever seen

    Coinbase is unlike any market debut Wall Street has ever seen

    Selling travel stock after J&J Covid vaccine makes a mistake

    Selling travel stock after J&J Covid vaccine makes a mistake

    Coinbase Direct Listing set for April 14th after approval by the SEC

    Bitcoin hits a new all-time high above $ 62,000 ahead of Coinbase debut

  • FASHION & LIFESTYLE
    25 Sephora On-Sale Products We Swear By

    25 Sephora On-Sale Products We Swear By

    17 gems hiding in the Amazon Beauty new arrivals section

    17 gems hiding in the Amazon Beauty new arrivals section

    Lily-Rose Depp wore the bootcut pants trend

    Lily-Rose Depp wore the bootcut pants trend

    7 easy-care hair trends that will dominate in 2021

    7 easy-care hair trends that will dominate in 2021

    12 French decor tips for effortless interior design

    12 French decor tips for effortless interior design

    11 Nostalgic 2000s Hairstyles You Might Still Wear Today

    11 Nostalgic 2000s Hairstyles You Might Still Wear Today

    The 27 best tank tops for women, all under $ 30

    The 27 best tank tops for women, all under $ 30

    Lady Gaga just wore a stunning wedding dress for a movie

    Lady Gaga just wore a stunning wedding dress for a movie

    Who wears what podcast: Rachel Bilson and Shani Darden

    Who wears what podcast: Rachel Bilson and Shani Darden

    Billie Eilish reveals her 6 favorite perfumes of all time

    Billie Eilish reveals her 6 favorite perfumes of all time

    These are the 24 best products for thin hair

    These are the 24 best products for thin hair

    7 stylish and affordable brands of lingerie

    7 stylish and affordable brands of lingerie

    18 spring designer items that are worth it

    18 spring designer items that are worth it

    Bridgerton Season 2 will not include Regé-Jean Page

    Bridgerton Season 2 will not include Regé-Jean Page

    21 Expensive perfumes with an expensive smell that are so sophisticated

    21 Expensive perfumes with an expensive smell that are so sophisticated

    Angelina Jolie’s classic outfit will never look out of date

    Angelina Jolie’s classic outfit will never look out of date

    The 12 Best Low Porosity Hair Products & Expert Tips

    The 12 Best Low Porosity Hair Products & Expert Tips

    Everything you need to know about layered hair

    Everything you need to know about layered hair

    Kacey Musgraves wore a striped bikini that is still in stock

    Kacey Musgraves wore a striped bikini that is still in stock

    Here’s how to air dry your hair according to your natural texture

    Here’s how to air dry your hair according to your natural texture

  • HEALTH
    Anti-Asian Racism: Breaking Stereotypes and Silence – Harvard Health Blog

    Anti-Asian Racism: Breaking Stereotypes and Silence – Harvard Health Blog

    Western warnings tarnish Covid vaccines that the world desperately needs

    Western warnings tarnish Covid vaccines that the world desperately needs

    The Art of a Heartfelt Apology – Harvard Health Blog

    The Art of a Heartfelt Apology – Harvard Health Blog

    How is myasthenia gravis treatment evolving? – Harvard Health Blog

    How is myasthenia gravis treatment evolving? – Harvard Health Blog

    Excessive drinking of rose during the pandemic. Here are ways to reduce it.

    Excessive drinking of rose during the pandemic. Here are ways to reduce it.

    My family’s global vaccination price

    My family’s global vaccination price

    Sleep, Stress, or Hormones? Brain Fog During Perimenopause – Harvard Health Blog

    Sleep, Stress, or Hormones? Brain Fog During Perimenopause – Harvard Health Blog

    Black Peer Support: A Role in Mental Health Restoration – Harvard Health Blog

    Black Peer Support: A Role in Mental Health Restoration – Harvard Health Blog

    What’s New in the Updated Asthma Guidelines? – Harvard Health Blog

    What’s New in the Updated Asthma Guidelines? – Harvard Health Blog

    Women, Alcohol, and COVID-19 – Harvard Health Blog

    Women, Alcohol, and COVID-19 – Harvard Health Blog

    Do Vitamin D, Zinc, and Other Diet Supplements Prevent COVID-19 or Speed ​​Healing? – Harvard Health Blog

    Do Vitamin D, Zinc, and Other Diet Supplements Prevent COVID-19 or Speed ​​Healing? – Harvard Health Blog

    Researchers slip into an inexpensive Covid-19 vaccine

    Researchers slip into an inexpensive Covid-19 vaccine

    Do you want to improve your memory? Sleep well! – Harvard Health Blog

    Do you want to improve your memory? Sleep well! – Harvard Health Blog

    Sequence of hormone therapy and radiation affects outcomes in men treated for prostate cancer – Harvard Health Blog

    An emerging treatment option for men with recurrent prostate cancer after radiation therapy – Harvard Health Blog

    Can fitness counteract fat? – Harvard Health Blog

    Can fitness counteract fat? – Harvard Health Blog

    Summer Camp: What Parents Need To Know This Year – Harvard Health Blog

    Summer Camp: What Parents Need To Know This Year – Harvard Health Blog

    Harvard Health Ad Watch: Mitochondria Do A Lot For You – What Can You Do For Them? – Harvard Health Blog

    Harvard Health Ad Watch: Mitochondria Do A Lot For You – What Can You Do For Them? – Harvard Health Blog

    Easy, Inexpensive, Inexpensive Brain Training – Harvard Health Blog

    Easy, Inexpensive, Inexpensive Brain Training – Harvard Health Blog

    A leaked W.H.O. Report points to animals as the source of the pandemic.

    A leaked W.H.O. Report points to animals as the source of the pandemic.

    Fully vaccinated against COVID-19? So what can you safely do? – Harvard Health Blog

    Fully vaccinated against COVID-19? So what can you safely do? – Harvard Health Blog

  • HOROSCOPE
    Astrology forecast + important alignments for October 2017

    Astrology forecast + important alignments for October 2017

    Highlights of Predictive Forecasts from 2020 Astrology Forecasts

    Highlights of Predictive Forecasts from 2020 Astrology Forecasts

    Unexpected discussion about lunar knots with Adam Sommer

    Unexpected discussion about lunar knots with Adam Sommer

    Postcolonial Astrology with Alice Sparkly Cat

    Postcolonial Astrology with Alice Sparkly Cat

    Composite diagrams by author John Townley

    Composite diagrams by author John Townley

    A newly discovered horoscope from the 4th century

    A newly discovered horoscope from the 4th century

    Astrology forecast and election for November 2017

    Astrology forecast and election for November 2017

    Saturn Return in Sagittarius retrospective

    Saturn Return in Sagittarius retrospective

    A beginner’s guide to astrology conferences

    A beginner’s guide to astrology conferences

    Review of Pre-Judgment Considerations in Horary Astrology

    Review of Pre-Judgment Considerations in Horary Astrology

    See customers, home meanings, and newbie books

    From student to practitioner of astrology

    Astrology forecast and election for December 2017

    Astrology forecast and election for December 2017

    Saturn crossing the Natal moon

    Saturn crossing the Natal moon

    Astrological consultations with elections + more

    Astrological consultations with elections + more

    Elsbeth Ebertin and the Rise of Women in Astrology

    Elsbeth Ebertin and the Rise of Women in Astrology

    April 2021 Astrology Forecast – The Astrology Podcast

    April 2021 Astrology Forecast – The Astrology Podcast

    Overview of the most important transits

    Overview of the most important transits

    Is astrology becoming more or less popular?

    Is astrology becoming more or less popular?

    Saturn in Capricorn: main topics from 2017 to 2020

    Saturn in Capricorn: main topics from 2017 to 2020

    Carl Jung’s views and influence on modern astrology

    Carl Jung’s views and influence on modern astrology

  • JOBS & CAREER
    Advice from Personal Branding Pro, Jason Hennessey

    Advice from Personal Branding Pro, Jason Hennessey

    Why You Should Put Learning Before Performance – Personal Branding Blog

    Why You Should Put Learning Before Performance – Personal Branding Blog

    A roadmap for your job search – Personal Branding Blog

    A roadmap for your job search – Personal Branding Blog

    Social media for word of mouth marketing for your personal brand – Personal Branding Blog

    Social media for word of mouth marketing for your personal brand – Personal Branding Blog

    How do I innovate at work? – Personal branding blog

    How do I innovate at work? – Personal branding blog

    6 Hobbies You Can Make Money With On The Side – Personal Branding Blog

    6 Hobbies You Can Make Money With On The Side – Personal Branding Blog

    8 Easy Ways To Improve Your Freelance Skills

    8 Easy Ways To Improve Your Freelance Skills

    How do you find out what your brand is? – Personal branding blog

    How do you find out what your brand is? – Personal branding blog

    Just tell me everything bad – Personal Branding Blog

    Just tell me everything bad – Personal Branding Blog

    Use These Methods to Keep Your Target Market Research Updated – Personal Branding Blog

    Use These Methods to Keep Your Target Market Research Updated – Personal Branding Blog

    Using LinkedIn Research Methodology To Grow Your Personal Brand – Personal Branding Blog

    Using LinkedIn Research Methodology To Grow Your Personal Brand – Personal Branding Blog

    The Loneliest Generations: Millennials and Gen Z – Personal Branding Blog

    The Loneliest Generations: Millennials and Gen Z – Personal Branding Blog

    How to take your job anywhere in the world – Personal Branding Blog

    How to take your job anywhere in the world – Personal Branding Blog

    Why wasn’t I selected for this job? – Personal branding blog

    Why wasn’t I selected for this job? – Personal branding blog

    4 Best Practices For Working As A Digital Marketer From Home – Personal Branding Blog

    4 Best Practices For Working As A Digital Marketer From Home – Personal Branding Blog

    Add the right Instagram hashtags for your branding marketing – Personal Branding Blog

    Add the right Instagram hashtags for your branding marketing – Personal Branding Blog

    16 Surprising Branding Secrets That Actually Work – Personal Branding Blog

    16 Surprising Branding Secrets That Actually Work – Personal Branding Blog

    Your manager is not your friend – Personal Branding Blog

    10 differences between a manager and a leader – personal branding blog

    Would you like to start consulting? 6 Things to Consider First – Personal Branding Blog

    Would you like to start consulting? 6 Things to Consider First – Personal Branding Blog

    Learn how to Construct a Skilled Community That Helps Your Enterprise Targets – Private Branding Weblog

    Tips and Tricks for Successful Networking – Personal Branding Blog

  • NEWS
    Prince Philip death: world leaders react

    Prince Philip death: world leaders react

    Beyond methodical Eurocentrism? Knowledge transfer and the universality problem

    Beyond methodical Eurocentrism? Knowledge transfer and the universality problem

    The “inequality virus” threatens a “catastrophe for all” unless the crisis can be overcome together – global problems

    Riverside County is aiming for COVID-19 herd immunity by mid-June

    Riverside County is aiming for COVID-19 herd immunity by mid-June

    Queen bans royals from wearing military uniforms at Philip’s funeral

    Queen bans royals from wearing military uniforms at Philip’s funeral

    This legislature wants to label foreign white supremacist groups as “terrorists”.

    This legislature wants to label foreign white supremacist groups as “terrorists”.

    Put life at the center

    Put life at the center

    Ecological cooking stoves help to preserve El Salvador’s coastal mangroves – global problems

    Ecological cooking stoves help to preserve El Salvador’s coastal mangroves – global problems

    Huntington Park Treasury employee arrested while investigating data breach

    Huntington Park Treasury employee arrested while investigating data breach

    Iran is pushing for uranium to be enriched to 60 percent after plant sabotage

    Iran is pushing for uranium to be enriched to 60 percent after plant sabotage

    Prince William opens up about the death of Prince Philp

    Prince William opens up about the death of Prince Philp

    The EU-Turkey refugee agreement: protection for whom?

    The EU-Turkey refugee agreement: protection for whom?

    Expectations after the elections are high, the UN envoy told the Security Council – global issues

    LAUSD opens first schools after one year of COVID closure

    LAUSD opens first schools after one year of COVID closure

    US withdraws troops completely from Afghanistan by September 11th

    US withdraws troops completely from Afghanistan by September 11th

    Daunte Wright killed by police in Minnesota

    Daunte Wright killed by police in Minnesota

    Rethinking the Chinese IR school from the perspective of strategic essentialism

    Rethinking the Chinese IR school from the perspective of strategic essentialism

    The volcanic eruption left the entire population of St. Vincent without clean water – global problems

    Teen killed two more in South LA after the car hits the bank

    Teen killed two more in South LA after the car hits the bank

    Prosecutors in the Derek Chauvin Trial to rest their case

    Prosecutors in the Derek Chauvin Trial to rest their case

  • POLITICS
    How much do the Americans care when Biden withdraws from Afghanistan?

    How much do the Americans care when Biden withdraws from Afghanistan?

    Supreme Court commission to review changes beyond the extension of the seats of justice

    Supreme Court commission to review changes beyond the extension of the seats of justice

    The Democratic Supreme Court’s expansion plan is met with opposition

    The Democratic Supreme Court’s expansion plan is met with opposition

    Biden Administration Says Russian Intelligence Service Received Trump Campaign Data

    Biden Administration Says Russian Intelligence Service Received Trump Campaign Data

    The White House warns Russia about bounties but stops imposing sanctions

    The White House warns Russia about bounties but stops imposing sanctions

    House and Senate Democrats propose bill to expand Supreme Court

    House and Senate Democrats propose bill to expand Supreme Court

    Senate Acts on Bill to Combat Hate Crimes Against Americans from Asia

    Senate Acts on Bill to Combat Hate Crimes Against Americans from Asia

    Intelligence chiefs warn of Russian troops near Ukraine and other threats

    Intelligence chiefs warn of Russian troops near Ukraine and other threats

    House Panel advances bill to study reparations in historical vote

    House Panel advances bill to study reparations in historical vote

    Biden, who decides on Afghanistan’s withdrawal, says: “It is time to end the eternal war.”

    Biden, who decides on Afghanistan’s withdrawal, says: “It is time to end the eternal war.”

    NATO is expected to confirm the withdrawal of Afghan troops

    NATO is expected to confirm the withdrawal of Afghan troops

    How Carolyn Maloney became the new target of the ascendant left in New York

    How Carolyn Maloney became the new target of the ascendant left in New York

    Two Georgia Republicans reprimand Governors Kemp and Raffensperger

    Two Georgia Republicans reprimand Governors Kemp and Raffensperger

    Biden is expected to withdraw combat troops from Afghanistan by September 11th

    Biden is expected to withdraw combat troops from Afghanistan by September 11th

    John Kerry travels to China to speak about the climate

    John Kerry travels to China to speak about the climate

    Pelosi invites Biden to address the joint congressional session

    Pelosi invites Biden to address the joint congressional session

    The Biden government is tacitly obsessed with inflation

    The Biden government is tacitly obsessed with inflation

    Biden announces the complete withdrawal of US troops in Afghanistan by September 11th

    Biden announces the complete withdrawal of US troops in Afghanistan by September 11th

    USA calls for break in Johnson & Johnson vaccine after blood clotting cases

    USA calls for break in Johnson & Johnson vaccine after blood clotting cases

    Bond Girl Conversation and Groping: Albany’s Toxic Culture for Women

    Bond Girl Conversation and Groping: Albany’s Toxic Culture for Women

  • SPORTS
    UFC Fight Night Spectator Guide

    UFC Fight Night Spectator Guide

    Dallas Wings takes Charli Collier, Awak Kuier with the two best picks in the 2021 WNBA draft

    Dallas Wings takes Charli Collier, Awak Kuier with the two best picks in the 2021 WNBA draft

    Broad receiver Xavier Worthy is signed off from Michigan Wolverines

    Broad receiver Xavier Worthy is signed off from Michigan Wolverines

    Michael Jordan presents the late Kobe Bryant in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame

    Michael Jordan presents the late Kobe Bryant in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame

    Massive Ten Nixes Nebraska Cornhuskers substitute sport in opposition to Chattanooga Mocs

    Ex-Nebraska Soccer Player Found Not Guilty Of Sexual Assault

    Man City, Real Madrid beat the teams? Bad luck for Bayern Munich?

    Man City, Real Madrid beat the teams? Bad luck for Bayern Munich?

    David Beckham’s Inter Miami could be a great team. But it has to win first

    David Beckham’s Inter Miami could be a great team. But it has to win first

    Dallas Mavericks’ Luka Doncic on another unlikely winning shot – ‘a bit of luck’

    Dallas Mavericks’ Luka Doncic on another unlikely winning shot – ‘a bit of luck’

    With Real Madrid triumphing over Liverpool, a fourth Champions League title would be Zidane’s best

    With Real Madrid triumphing over Liverpool, a fourth Champions League title would be Zidane’s best

    For Charli Collier, who is forecast to be number 1 in the WNBA draft, determination is a family trait

    For Charli Collier, who is forecast to be number 1 in the WNBA draft, determination is a family trait

    WNBA draft 2021, version 5.0

    WNBA draft 2021, version 5.0

    USWNT explores options and shows versatility against Sweden and France as Olympic preparations continue

    USWNT explores options and shows versatility against Sweden and France as Olympic preparations continue

    NFL Draft 2021 – Who is Trey Lance, the draft’s most mysterious prospect?

    NFL Draft 2021 – Who is Trey Lance, the draft’s most mysterious prospect?

    USWNT’s Alex Morgan is regaining its heat after beating France, says coach Vlatko Andonovski

    USWNT’s Alex Morgan is regaining its heat after beating France, says coach Vlatko Andonovski

    Paul George attributes a new perspective on the troublesome toe as a “breakthrough” as LA Clippers extends the winning streak

    Paul George attributes a new perspective on the troublesome toe as a “breakthrough” as LA Clippers extends the winning streak

    Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban says the NBA’s play-in tournament schedule is “a huge flaw”.

    Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban says the NBA’s play-in tournament schedule is “a huge flaw”.

    The Arizona Cardinals sign ex-Pittsburgh Steelers leading James Conner back

    The Arizona Cardinals sign ex-Pittsburgh Steelers leading James Conner back

    Former student sues Evansville for sexual assault by former men’s basketball coach Walter McCarty

    Former student sues Evansville for sexual assault by former men’s basketball coach Walter McCarty

    Dortmund’s best club for young players; Tottenham, Inter Milan among the worst

    Dortmund’s best club for young players; Tottenham, Inter Milan among the worst

    All of the great lessons that Master taught us

    All of the great lessons that Master taught us

  • TRAVEL
    Light precision packing

    Light precision packing

    The best undiscovered Greek islands

    The best undiscovered Greek islands

    Paris for beginners: where and what to eat, see or do

    Paris for beginners: where and what to eat, see or do

    With the Copper Canyon Train in Mexico

    With the Copper Canyon Train in Mexico

    The Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park: What You Need To Know

    The Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park: What You Need To Know

    Northstar California Resort: A fun mountain resort all year round

    Northstar California Resort: A fun mountain resort all year round

    Best beaches in New Zealand

    Best beaches in New Zealand

    Where to find the best Key Lime Pie in Key West

    Where to find the best Key Lime Pie in Key West

    Exploring the Mafia Island Tanzania: The Place “Far From It All”!

    Exploring the Mafia Island Tanzania: The Place “Far From It All”!

    El Rastro: The most popular Sunday flea market in Madrid

    El Rastro: The most popular Sunday flea market in Madrid

    The fantastic tree frog in the Udzungwa Mountains National Park

    The fantastic tree frog in the Udzungwa Mountains National Park

    Have a nice weekend in Oxford, England

    Have a nice weekend in Oxford, England

    Top Koh Tao dive sites

    Top Koh Tao dive sites

    Hiking along the San Andreas Fault in Southern California

    Hiking along the San Andreas Fault in Southern California

    Wellington attractions not to be missed

    Wellington attractions not to be missed

    Climbing Chimborazo: A Non-Mountaineer Story and the Hardest Eleven Hours of My Life

    Climbing Chimborazo: A Non-Mountaineer Story and the Hardest Eleven Hours of My Life

    TTOT = Travel Talk on Twitter – Travel Dudes

    TTOT = Travel Talk on Twitter – Travel Dudes

    Street photography equipment (including the best street photography camera)

    Street photography equipment (including the best street photography camera)

    A guide to hiking the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu

    A guide to hiking the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu

    Inca jungle trail to Machu Picchu – the less traveled hike

    Inca jungle trail to Machu Picchu – the less traveled hike

  • WEATHER
    Slow storm could bring more than 6 inches of snow to parts of Massachusetts – CBS Boston

    Slow storm could bring more than 6 inches of snow to parts of Massachusetts – CBS Boston

    Snow is coming to western Massachusetts, up to 6 inches early Friday – CBS Boston

    Snow is coming to western Massachusetts, up to 6 inches early Friday – CBS Boston

    Mount Washington’s 231 MPH gust sets world record – CBS Boston

    Mount Washington’s 231 MPH gust sets world record – CBS Boston

    “Unusually dry” conditions have spread to over 75% of Massachusetts – CBS Boston

    “Unusually dry” conditions have spread to over 75% of Massachusetts – CBS Boston

    Mix of sun and clouds, temperatures in the 50s expected for Easter Sunday – CBS Boston

    Mix of sun and clouds, temperatures in the 50s expected for Easter Sunday – CBS Boston

    UAH Global Temperature Update for March 2021: -0.01 degrees. C.

    UAH Global Temperature Update for March 2021: -0.01 degrees. C.

    UAH Global Temperature Update for March 2021: -0.01 degrees. C.

    UAH Global Temperature Update for March 2021: -0.01 degrees. C.

    Review of the “really unfathomable” April Fool’s Day blizzard of 1997 – CBS Boston

    Review of the “really unfathomable” April Fool’s Day blizzard of 1997 – CBS Boston

    Strong, potentially damaging winds are expected Monday – CBS Boston

    Strong, potentially damaging winds are expected Monday – CBS Boston

    Rain, potentially noxious winds arrive in New England Sunday afternoon – CBS Boston

    Rain, potentially noxious winds arrive in New England Sunday afternoon – CBS Boston

    Heavy rain, potentially noxious winds across New England expected Sunday – CBS Boston

    Heavy rain, potentially noxious winds across New England expected Sunday – CBS Boston

    Mild, above-average temperatures expected in New England spring – CBS Boston

    Mild, above-average temperatures expected in New England spring – CBS Boston

    Snow in the Boston area Friday coating likely only to 2 inches before warming up over the weekend – CBS Boston

    Snow in the Boston area Friday coating likely only to 2 inches before warming up over the weekend – CBS Boston

    Widespread 2-4 inches of snow for southern England expected Friday morning – CBS Boston

    Widespread 2-4 inches of snow for southern England expected Friday morning – CBS Boston

    Spread 2-5 inches of snow for southern England expected Friday morning – CBS Boston

    Spread 2-5 inches of snow for southern England expected Friday morning – CBS Boston

    Winter is not over yet. Snow awaits Friday in Boston Area – CBS Boston

    Winter is not over yet. Snow awaits Friday in Boston Area – CBS Boston

    Winter is not over yet. Snow awaits Friday in Boston Area – CBS Boston

    Winter is not over yet. Snow awaits Friday in Boston Area – CBS Boston

    Massachusetts red flag warning issued for critical fire weather conditions – CBS Boston

    Massachusetts red flag warning issued for critical fire weather conditions – CBS Boston

    High winds can cause power outages and tree damage on Sunday – CBS Boston

    High winds can cause power outages and tree damage on Sunday – CBS Boston

    High winds can cause power outages and tree damage on Sunday – CBS Boston

    High winds can cause power outages and tree damage on Sunday – CBS Boston

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  • ENTERTAINMENT
    Erika Jayne refuses to hand over jewelry to the trustee as Tom Girardi is accused of owing hundreds of customers $ 26 million

    Erika Jayne refuses to hand over jewelry to the trustee as Tom Girardi is accused of owing hundreds of customers $ 26 million

    Scott Disick Says He “Loves” Kourtney Kardashian on “KUWTK”

    Scott Disick Says He “Loves” Kourtney Kardashian on “KUWTK”

    Lizzo on committing to one willful act of anti-racism per day

    Lizzo on committing to one willful act of anti-racism per day

    The demand for Disneyland tickets is overwhelming and causing long delays –

    The demand for Disneyland tickets is overwhelming and causing long delays –

    Cynthia Bailey Talks Change – Check Out Her Post

    Cynthia Bailey Talks Change – Check Out Her Post

    Jennifer Lopez and Alex Rodriguez Announce “We’re Better Than Friends” – National

    Jennifer Lopez and Alex Rodriguez Announce “We’re Better Than Friends” – National

    Your relationships & marriages

    Your relationships & marriages

    Arnold Schwarzenegger uses these quotes from his films in real life

    Arnold Schwarzenegger uses these quotes from his films in real life

    Luis Ruelas’ exes claim he is “sex-obsessed” when Teresa Giudice’s boyfriend’s ex-fiancé talks about his sexual demands

    Luis Ruelas’ exes claim he is “sex-obsessed” when Teresa Giudice’s boyfriend’s ex-fiancé talks about his sexual demands

    Oscars writers share wild stories about James Franco, Anne Hathaway

    Oscars writers share wild stories about James Franco, Anne Hathaway

    See the Kim’s Convenience Cast Series Finale Goodbye Posts

    See the Kim’s Convenience Cast Series Finale Goodbye Posts

    Televisa-Univision implements global OTT plans in Spanish –

    Televisa-Univision implements global OTT plans in Spanish –

    Phaedra Parks has a message about Daunte Wright

    Phaedra Parks has a message about Daunte Wright

    N.S. Introduces Bill to mark the end of slavery in British colonies with Emancipation Day

    N.S. Introduces Bill to mark the end of slavery in British colonies with Emancipation Day

    Larsa Pippen rocks Chanel bikini in Caribbean escape images

    Larsa Pippen rocks Chanel bikini in Caribbean escape images

    Jake Paul denies TikTok star Justine Paradise’s sexual assault claims

    Jake Paul denies TikTok star Justine Paradise’s sexual assault claims

    RHOSLC cast and producers “traumatized” by Fed’s arrest of Jen Shah, Jen shares new glam look and quote

    RHOSLC cast and producers “traumatized” by Fed’s arrest of Jen Shah, Jen shares new glam look and quote

    Kim Kardashian, the daughter of Kanye West

    Kim Kardashian, the daughter of Kanye West

    Netflix renews Bridgerton for seasons 3 and 4

    Netflix renews Bridgerton for seasons 3 and 4

    Disney + confirms David Beckham’s “Save Our Squad” series –

    Disney + confirms David Beckham’s “Save Our Squad” series –

  • TV & MOVIE

    Abduction Thriller GOODBYE HONEY Follows a Night of Terror on VOD May 11th

    Ken Burns’ latest is an exhaustive look at white male authorship [Review]

    Ken Burns’ latest is an exhaustive look at white male authorship [Review]

    New Escapist column! About the unrecognizable monstrosity in the heart of “Shin Godzilla” …

    New Escapist column! About the unrecognizable monstrosity in the heart of “Shin Godzilla” …

    The Courier – film review

    The Courier – film review

    F9 Official Trailer 2 | ‘s film blog

    F9 Official Trailer 2 | ‘s film blog

    “The Marijuana Conspiracy” plays like a full-length commercial with Canadian heritage [Review]

    “The Marijuana Conspiracy” plays like a full-length commercial with Canadian heritage [Review]

    New Escapist column! How “promising young woman” looks back …

    New podcast! The Escapist Movie Podcast – “Everyone Salutes Judas and the Black Messiah”

    Kindred (2020) review |

    Before the action buddy comedy begins, Sam & Bucky grapple with identity [Episode 1 Review]

    Before the action buddy comedy begins, Sam & Bucky grapple with identity [Episode 1 Review]

    New podcast! The Time Is Now – Season 3, Episode 22 (“Goodbye To It All”)

    New podcast! The Time Is Now – Season 3, Episode 22 (“Goodbye To It All”)

    Jacob’s wife – film review

    Jacob’s wife – film review

    Official teaser trailer for Hitman’s Wife’s Bodyguard

    Official teaser trailer for Hitman’s Wife’s Bodyguard

    Film Fest Trailer |

    Dominic Cooper’s Pitch Perfect Performance adds to the exciting espionage story of AMC + [Review]

    Dominic Cooper’s Pitch Perfect Performance adds to the exciting espionage story of AMC + [Review]

    Non-Review Review: Godzilla vs. Kong

    New escapist video! About the appealing pointlessness of “Godzilla vs. Kong” …

    Everyday Life, If Directed By… – Web Series

    A Gen Z lord of the flies in space

    Neil Burger’s “Lord of the Flies” in space morality is never entirely true to its nature [Review]

    New Escapist column! About the legacy of “Game of Thrones” …

    New Escapist column! About the legacy of “Game of Thrones” …

    Shiva Baby (2020) Movie Review

    The thriller with Casey Affleck and Michelle Monaghan is not a “Gone Baby Gone” meeting [Review]

    The thriller with Casey Affleck and Michelle Monaghan is not a “Gone Baby Gone” meeting [Review]

  • BUSINESS
    Daily US data on April 16

    Daily US data on April 16

    WHO chief warns of an infection rate approaching the highest level ever

    WHO chief warns of an infection rate approaching the highest level ever

    Hometown International, NJ Deli Owner, Millions’ worth of stock

    Hometown International, NJ Deli Owner, Millions’ worth of stock

    China says its economy grew 18.3% in the first quarter, which was slightly in line with expectations

    China says its economy grew 18.3% in the first quarter, which was slightly in line with expectations

    The yield on 10-year government bonds fell. Why it could be good news for stocks

    The yield on 10-year government bonds fell. Why it could be good news for stocks

    According to top analysts, Apple could stop producing new iPhone mini models by 2022

    According to top analysts, Apple could stop producing new iPhone mini models by 2022

    Banks and small companies count on the Congress to optimize PPP forgiveness

    The CNBC survey shows that infrastructure spending is receiving much less support than previous incentives

    Sustainable investing is nothing new to China, says the CEO

    Sustainable investing is nothing new to China, says the CEO

    Ahead of the Olympics, the Japanese minister said the Tokyo Covid surge could worsen

    Canceling the Tokyo Olympics is an option if Covid worsens

    Experts are discussing whether it is possible to achieve Covid immunity

    Experts are discussing whether it is possible to achieve Covid immunity

    Stock futures soar a few inches after the S&P 500 pulled back from the record

    Stock futures soar a few inches after the S&P 500 pulled back from the record

    American Airlines is increasing its domestic flight schedule to almost pre-pandemic levels

    American Airlines is increasing its domestic flight schedule to almost pre-pandemic levels

    According to EMA, the benefits of J&J Covid’s vaccine outweigh the risks

    According to EMA, the benefits of J&J Covid’s vaccine outweigh the risks

    Analysts discuss growth and profitability

    Analysts discuss growth and profitability

    Chinese technology stocks rebound on regulatory compliance approval

    Chinese technology stocks rebound on regulatory compliance approval

    Cathie Wood sees these two trends as the next big thing after electric vehicles

    Cathie Wood sees these two trends as the next big thing after electric vehicles

    GOP donors and lawmakers are planning the next attacks on the American company Big Tech

    GOP donors and lawmakers are planning the next attacks on the American company Big Tech

    Coinbase is unlike any market debut Wall Street has ever seen

    Coinbase is unlike any market debut Wall Street has ever seen

    Selling travel stock after J&J Covid vaccine makes a mistake

    Selling travel stock after J&J Covid vaccine makes a mistake

    Coinbase Direct Listing set for April 14th after approval by the SEC

    Bitcoin hits a new all-time high above $ 62,000 ahead of Coinbase debut

  • FASHION & LIFESTYLE
    25 Sephora On-Sale Products We Swear By

    25 Sephora On-Sale Products We Swear By

    17 gems hiding in the Amazon Beauty new arrivals section

    17 gems hiding in the Amazon Beauty new arrivals section

    Lily-Rose Depp wore the bootcut pants trend

    Lily-Rose Depp wore the bootcut pants trend

    7 easy-care hair trends that will dominate in 2021

    7 easy-care hair trends that will dominate in 2021

    12 French decor tips for effortless interior design

    12 French decor tips for effortless interior design

    11 Nostalgic 2000s Hairstyles You Might Still Wear Today

    11 Nostalgic 2000s Hairstyles You Might Still Wear Today

    The 27 best tank tops for women, all under $ 30

    The 27 best tank tops for women, all under $ 30

    Lady Gaga just wore a stunning wedding dress for a movie

    Lady Gaga just wore a stunning wedding dress for a movie

    Who wears what podcast: Rachel Bilson and Shani Darden

    Who wears what podcast: Rachel Bilson and Shani Darden

    Billie Eilish reveals her 6 favorite perfumes of all time

    Billie Eilish reveals her 6 favorite perfumes of all time

    These are the 24 best products for thin hair

    These are the 24 best products for thin hair

    7 stylish and affordable brands of lingerie

    7 stylish and affordable brands of lingerie

    18 spring designer items that are worth it

    18 spring designer items that are worth it

    Bridgerton Season 2 will not include Regé-Jean Page

    Bridgerton Season 2 will not include Regé-Jean Page

    21 Expensive perfumes with an expensive smell that are so sophisticated

    21 Expensive perfumes with an expensive smell that are so sophisticated

    Angelina Jolie’s classic outfit will never look out of date

    Angelina Jolie’s classic outfit will never look out of date

    The 12 Best Low Porosity Hair Products & Expert Tips

    The 12 Best Low Porosity Hair Products & Expert Tips

    Everything you need to know about layered hair

    Everything you need to know about layered hair

    Kacey Musgraves wore a striped bikini that is still in stock

    Kacey Musgraves wore a striped bikini that is still in stock

    Here’s how to air dry your hair according to your natural texture

    Here’s how to air dry your hair according to your natural texture

  • HEALTH
    Anti-Asian Racism: Breaking Stereotypes and Silence – Harvard Health Blog

    Anti-Asian Racism: Breaking Stereotypes and Silence – Harvard Health Blog

    Western warnings tarnish Covid vaccines that the world desperately needs

    Western warnings tarnish Covid vaccines that the world desperately needs

    The Art of a Heartfelt Apology – Harvard Health Blog

    The Art of a Heartfelt Apology – Harvard Health Blog

    How is myasthenia gravis treatment evolving? – Harvard Health Blog

    How is myasthenia gravis treatment evolving? – Harvard Health Blog

    Excessive drinking of rose during the pandemic. Here are ways to reduce it.

    Excessive drinking of rose during the pandemic. Here are ways to reduce it.

    My family’s global vaccination price

    My family’s global vaccination price

    Sleep, Stress, or Hormones? Brain Fog During Perimenopause – Harvard Health Blog

    Sleep, Stress, or Hormones? Brain Fog During Perimenopause – Harvard Health Blog

    Black Peer Support: A Role in Mental Health Restoration – Harvard Health Blog

    Black Peer Support: A Role in Mental Health Restoration – Harvard Health Blog

    What’s New in the Updated Asthma Guidelines? – Harvard Health Blog

    What’s New in the Updated Asthma Guidelines? – Harvard Health Blog

    Women, Alcohol, and COVID-19 – Harvard Health Blog

    Women, Alcohol, and COVID-19 – Harvard Health Blog

    Do Vitamin D, Zinc, and Other Diet Supplements Prevent COVID-19 or Speed ​​Healing? – Harvard Health Blog

    Do Vitamin D, Zinc, and Other Diet Supplements Prevent COVID-19 or Speed ​​Healing? – Harvard Health Blog

    Researchers slip into an inexpensive Covid-19 vaccine

    Researchers slip into an inexpensive Covid-19 vaccine

    Do you want to improve your memory? Sleep well! – Harvard Health Blog

    Do you want to improve your memory? Sleep well! – Harvard Health Blog

    Sequence of hormone therapy and radiation affects outcomes in men treated for prostate cancer – Harvard Health Blog

    An emerging treatment option for men with recurrent prostate cancer after radiation therapy – Harvard Health Blog

    Can fitness counteract fat? – Harvard Health Blog

    Can fitness counteract fat? – Harvard Health Blog

    Summer Camp: What Parents Need To Know This Year – Harvard Health Blog

    Summer Camp: What Parents Need To Know This Year – Harvard Health Blog

    Harvard Health Ad Watch: Mitochondria Do A Lot For You – What Can You Do For Them? – Harvard Health Blog

    Harvard Health Ad Watch: Mitochondria Do A Lot For You – What Can You Do For Them? – Harvard Health Blog

    Easy, Inexpensive, Inexpensive Brain Training – Harvard Health Blog

    Easy, Inexpensive, Inexpensive Brain Training – Harvard Health Blog

    A leaked W.H.O. Report points to animals as the source of the pandemic.

    A leaked W.H.O. Report points to animals as the source of the pandemic.

    Fully vaccinated against COVID-19? So what can you safely do? – Harvard Health Blog

    Fully vaccinated against COVID-19? So what can you safely do? – Harvard Health Blog

  • HOROSCOPE
    Astrology forecast + important alignments for October 2017

    Astrology forecast + important alignments for October 2017

    Highlights of Predictive Forecasts from 2020 Astrology Forecasts

    Highlights of Predictive Forecasts from 2020 Astrology Forecasts

    Unexpected discussion about lunar knots with Adam Sommer

    Unexpected discussion about lunar knots with Adam Sommer

    Postcolonial Astrology with Alice Sparkly Cat

    Postcolonial Astrology with Alice Sparkly Cat

    Composite diagrams by author John Townley

    Composite diagrams by author John Townley

    A newly discovered horoscope from the 4th century

    A newly discovered horoscope from the 4th century

    Astrology forecast and election for November 2017

    Astrology forecast and election for November 2017

    Saturn Return in Sagittarius retrospective

    Saturn Return in Sagittarius retrospective

    A beginner’s guide to astrology conferences

    A beginner’s guide to astrology conferences

    Review of Pre-Judgment Considerations in Horary Astrology

    Review of Pre-Judgment Considerations in Horary Astrology

    See customers, home meanings, and newbie books

    From student to practitioner of astrology

    Astrology forecast and election for December 2017

    Astrology forecast and election for December 2017

    Saturn crossing the Natal moon

    Saturn crossing the Natal moon

    Astrological consultations with elections + more

    Astrological consultations with elections + more

    Elsbeth Ebertin and the Rise of Women in Astrology

    Elsbeth Ebertin and the Rise of Women in Astrology

    April 2021 Astrology Forecast – The Astrology Podcast

    April 2021 Astrology Forecast – The Astrology Podcast

    Overview of the most important transits

    Overview of the most important transits

    Is astrology becoming more or less popular?

    Is astrology becoming more or less popular?

    Saturn in Capricorn: main topics from 2017 to 2020

    Saturn in Capricorn: main topics from 2017 to 2020

    Carl Jung’s views and influence on modern astrology

    Carl Jung’s views and influence on modern astrology

  • JOBS & CAREER
    Advice from Personal Branding Pro, Jason Hennessey

    Advice from Personal Branding Pro, Jason Hennessey

    Why You Should Put Learning Before Performance – Personal Branding Blog

    Why You Should Put Learning Before Performance – Personal Branding Blog

    A roadmap for your job search – Personal Branding Blog

    A roadmap for your job search – Personal Branding Blog

    Social media for word of mouth marketing for your personal brand – Personal Branding Blog

    Social media for word of mouth marketing for your personal brand – Personal Branding Blog

    How do I innovate at work? – Personal branding blog

    How do I innovate at work? – Personal branding blog

    6 Hobbies You Can Make Money With On The Side – Personal Branding Blog

    6 Hobbies You Can Make Money With On The Side – Personal Branding Blog

    8 Easy Ways To Improve Your Freelance Skills

    8 Easy Ways To Improve Your Freelance Skills

    How do you find out what your brand is? – Personal branding blog

    How do you find out what your brand is? – Personal branding blog

    Just tell me everything bad – Personal Branding Blog

    Just tell me everything bad – Personal Branding Blog

    Use These Methods to Keep Your Target Market Research Updated – Personal Branding Blog

    Use These Methods to Keep Your Target Market Research Updated – Personal Branding Blog

    Using LinkedIn Research Methodology To Grow Your Personal Brand – Personal Branding Blog

    Using LinkedIn Research Methodology To Grow Your Personal Brand – Personal Branding Blog

    The Loneliest Generations: Millennials and Gen Z – Personal Branding Blog

    The Loneliest Generations: Millennials and Gen Z – Personal Branding Blog

    How to take your job anywhere in the world – Personal Branding Blog

    How to take your job anywhere in the world – Personal Branding Blog

    Why wasn’t I selected for this job? – Personal branding blog

    Why wasn’t I selected for this job? – Personal branding blog

    4 Best Practices For Working As A Digital Marketer From Home – Personal Branding Blog

    4 Best Practices For Working As A Digital Marketer From Home – Personal Branding Blog

    Add the right Instagram hashtags for your branding marketing – Personal Branding Blog

    Add the right Instagram hashtags for your branding marketing – Personal Branding Blog

    16 Surprising Branding Secrets That Actually Work – Personal Branding Blog

    16 Surprising Branding Secrets That Actually Work – Personal Branding Blog

    Your manager is not your friend – Personal Branding Blog

    10 differences between a manager and a leader – personal branding blog

    Would you like to start consulting? 6 Things to Consider First – Personal Branding Blog

    Would you like to start consulting? 6 Things to Consider First – Personal Branding Blog

    Learn how to Construct a Skilled Community That Helps Your Enterprise Targets – Private Branding Weblog

    Tips and Tricks for Successful Networking – Personal Branding Blog

  • NEWS
    Prince Philip death: world leaders react

    Prince Philip death: world leaders react

    Beyond methodical Eurocentrism? Knowledge transfer and the universality problem

    Beyond methodical Eurocentrism? Knowledge transfer and the universality problem

    The “inequality virus” threatens a “catastrophe for all” unless the crisis can be overcome together – global problems

    Riverside County is aiming for COVID-19 herd immunity by mid-June

    Riverside County is aiming for COVID-19 herd immunity by mid-June

    Queen bans royals from wearing military uniforms at Philip’s funeral

    Queen bans royals from wearing military uniforms at Philip’s funeral

    This legislature wants to label foreign white supremacist groups as “terrorists”.

    This legislature wants to label foreign white supremacist groups as “terrorists”.

    Put life at the center

    Put life at the center

    Ecological cooking stoves help to preserve El Salvador’s coastal mangroves – global problems

    Ecological cooking stoves help to preserve El Salvador’s coastal mangroves – global problems

    Huntington Park Treasury employee arrested while investigating data breach

    Huntington Park Treasury employee arrested while investigating data breach

    Iran is pushing for uranium to be enriched to 60 percent after plant sabotage

    Iran is pushing for uranium to be enriched to 60 percent after plant sabotage

    Prince William opens up about the death of Prince Philp

    Prince William opens up about the death of Prince Philp

    The EU-Turkey refugee agreement: protection for whom?

    The EU-Turkey refugee agreement: protection for whom?

    Expectations after the elections are high, the UN envoy told the Security Council – global issues

    LAUSD opens first schools after one year of COVID closure

    LAUSD opens first schools after one year of COVID closure

    US withdraws troops completely from Afghanistan by September 11th

    US withdraws troops completely from Afghanistan by September 11th

    Daunte Wright killed by police in Minnesota

    Daunte Wright killed by police in Minnesota

    Rethinking the Chinese IR school from the perspective of strategic essentialism

    Rethinking the Chinese IR school from the perspective of strategic essentialism

    The volcanic eruption left the entire population of St. Vincent without clean water – global problems

    Teen killed two more in South LA after the car hits the bank

    Teen killed two more in South LA after the car hits the bank

    Prosecutors in the Derek Chauvin Trial to rest their case

    Prosecutors in the Derek Chauvin Trial to rest their case

  • POLITICS
    How much do the Americans care when Biden withdraws from Afghanistan?

    How much do the Americans care when Biden withdraws from Afghanistan?

    Supreme Court commission to review changes beyond the extension of the seats of justice

    Supreme Court commission to review changes beyond the extension of the seats of justice

    The Democratic Supreme Court’s expansion plan is met with opposition

    The Democratic Supreme Court’s expansion plan is met with opposition

    Biden Administration Says Russian Intelligence Service Received Trump Campaign Data

    Biden Administration Says Russian Intelligence Service Received Trump Campaign Data

    The White House warns Russia about bounties but stops imposing sanctions

    The White House warns Russia about bounties but stops imposing sanctions

    House and Senate Democrats propose bill to expand Supreme Court

    House and Senate Democrats propose bill to expand Supreme Court

    Senate Acts on Bill to Combat Hate Crimes Against Americans from Asia

    Senate Acts on Bill to Combat Hate Crimes Against Americans from Asia

    Intelligence chiefs warn of Russian troops near Ukraine and other threats

    Intelligence chiefs warn of Russian troops near Ukraine and other threats

    House Panel advances bill to study reparations in historical vote

    House Panel advances bill to study reparations in historical vote

    Biden, who decides on Afghanistan’s withdrawal, says: “It is time to end the eternal war.”

    Biden, who decides on Afghanistan’s withdrawal, says: “It is time to end the eternal war.”

    NATO is expected to confirm the withdrawal of Afghan troops

    NATO is expected to confirm the withdrawal of Afghan troops

    How Carolyn Maloney became the new target of the ascendant left in New York

    How Carolyn Maloney became the new target of the ascendant left in New York

    Two Georgia Republicans reprimand Governors Kemp and Raffensperger

    Two Georgia Republicans reprimand Governors Kemp and Raffensperger

    Biden is expected to withdraw combat troops from Afghanistan by September 11th

    Biden is expected to withdraw combat troops from Afghanistan by September 11th

    John Kerry travels to China to speak about the climate

    John Kerry travels to China to speak about the climate

    Pelosi invites Biden to address the joint congressional session

    Pelosi invites Biden to address the joint congressional session

    The Biden government is tacitly obsessed with inflation

    The Biden government is tacitly obsessed with inflation

    Biden announces the complete withdrawal of US troops in Afghanistan by September 11th

    Biden announces the complete withdrawal of US troops in Afghanistan by September 11th

    USA calls for break in Johnson & Johnson vaccine after blood clotting cases

    USA calls for break in Johnson & Johnson vaccine after blood clotting cases

    Bond Girl Conversation and Groping: Albany’s Toxic Culture for Women

    Bond Girl Conversation and Groping: Albany’s Toxic Culture for Women

  • SPORTS
    UFC Fight Night Spectator Guide

    UFC Fight Night Spectator Guide

    Dallas Wings takes Charli Collier, Awak Kuier with the two best picks in the 2021 WNBA draft

    Dallas Wings takes Charli Collier, Awak Kuier with the two best picks in the 2021 WNBA draft

    Broad receiver Xavier Worthy is signed off from Michigan Wolverines

    Broad receiver Xavier Worthy is signed off from Michigan Wolverines

    Michael Jordan presents the late Kobe Bryant in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame

    Michael Jordan presents the late Kobe Bryant in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame

    Massive Ten Nixes Nebraska Cornhuskers substitute sport in opposition to Chattanooga Mocs

    Ex-Nebraska Soccer Player Found Not Guilty Of Sexual Assault

    Man City, Real Madrid beat the teams? Bad luck for Bayern Munich?

    Man City, Real Madrid beat the teams? Bad luck for Bayern Munich?

    David Beckham’s Inter Miami could be a great team. But it has to win first

    David Beckham’s Inter Miami could be a great team. But it has to win first

    Dallas Mavericks’ Luka Doncic on another unlikely winning shot – ‘a bit of luck’

    Dallas Mavericks’ Luka Doncic on another unlikely winning shot – ‘a bit of luck’

    With Real Madrid triumphing over Liverpool, a fourth Champions League title would be Zidane’s best

    With Real Madrid triumphing over Liverpool, a fourth Champions League title would be Zidane’s best

    For Charli Collier, who is forecast to be number 1 in the WNBA draft, determination is a family trait

    For Charli Collier, who is forecast to be number 1 in the WNBA draft, determination is a family trait

    WNBA draft 2021, version 5.0

    WNBA draft 2021, version 5.0

    USWNT explores options and shows versatility against Sweden and France as Olympic preparations continue

    USWNT explores options and shows versatility against Sweden and France as Olympic preparations continue

    NFL Draft 2021 – Who is Trey Lance, the draft’s most mysterious prospect?

    NFL Draft 2021 – Who is Trey Lance, the draft’s most mysterious prospect?

    USWNT’s Alex Morgan is regaining its heat after beating France, says coach Vlatko Andonovski

    USWNT’s Alex Morgan is regaining its heat after beating France, says coach Vlatko Andonovski

    Paul George attributes a new perspective on the troublesome toe as a “breakthrough” as LA Clippers extends the winning streak

    Paul George attributes a new perspective on the troublesome toe as a “breakthrough” as LA Clippers extends the winning streak

    Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban says the NBA’s play-in tournament schedule is “a huge flaw”.

    Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban says the NBA’s play-in tournament schedule is “a huge flaw”.

    The Arizona Cardinals sign ex-Pittsburgh Steelers leading James Conner back

    The Arizona Cardinals sign ex-Pittsburgh Steelers leading James Conner back

    Former student sues Evansville for sexual assault by former men’s basketball coach Walter McCarty

    Former student sues Evansville for sexual assault by former men’s basketball coach Walter McCarty

    Dortmund’s best club for young players; Tottenham, Inter Milan among the worst

    Dortmund’s best club for young players; Tottenham, Inter Milan among the worst

    All of the great lessons that Master taught us

    All of the great lessons that Master taught us

  • TRAVEL
    Light precision packing

    Light precision packing

    The best undiscovered Greek islands

    The best undiscovered Greek islands

    Paris for beginners: where and what to eat, see or do

    Paris for beginners: where and what to eat, see or do

    With the Copper Canyon Train in Mexico

    With the Copper Canyon Train in Mexico

    The Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park: What You Need To Know

    The Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park: What You Need To Know

    Northstar California Resort: A fun mountain resort all year round

    Northstar California Resort: A fun mountain resort all year round

    Best beaches in New Zealand

    Best beaches in New Zealand

    Where to find the best Key Lime Pie in Key West

    Where to find the best Key Lime Pie in Key West

    Exploring the Mafia Island Tanzania: The Place “Far From It All”!

    Exploring the Mafia Island Tanzania: The Place “Far From It All”!

    El Rastro: The most popular Sunday flea market in Madrid

    El Rastro: The most popular Sunday flea market in Madrid

    The fantastic tree frog in the Udzungwa Mountains National Park

    The fantastic tree frog in the Udzungwa Mountains National Park

    Have a nice weekend in Oxford, England

    Have a nice weekend in Oxford, England

    Top Koh Tao dive sites

    Top Koh Tao dive sites

    Hiking along the San Andreas Fault in Southern California

    Hiking along the San Andreas Fault in Southern California

    Wellington attractions not to be missed

    Wellington attractions not to be missed

    Climbing Chimborazo: A Non-Mountaineer Story and the Hardest Eleven Hours of My Life

    Climbing Chimborazo: A Non-Mountaineer Story and the Hardest Eleven Hours of My Life

    TTOT = Travel Talk on Twitter – Travel Dudes

    TTOT = Travel Talk on Twitter – Travel Dudes

    Street photography equipment (including the best street photography camera)

    Street photography equipment (including the best street photography camera)

    A guide to hiking the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu

    A guide to hiking the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu

    Inca jungle trail to Machu Picchu – the less traveled hike

    Inca jungle trail to Machu Picchu – the less traveled hike

  • WEATHER
    Slow storm could bring more than 6 inches of snow to parts of Massachusetts – CBS Boston

    Slow storm could bring more than 6 inches of snow to parts of Massachusetts – CBS Boston

    Snow is coming to western Massachusetts, up to 6 inches early Friday – CBS Boston

    Snow is coming to western Massachusetts, up to 6 inches early Friday – CBS Boston

    Mount Washington’s 231 MPH gust sets world record – CBS Boston

    Mount Washington’s 231 MPH gust sets world record – CBS Boston

    “Unusually dry” conditions have spread to over 75% of Massachusetts – CBS Boston

    “Unusually dry” conditions have spread to over 75% of Massachusetts – CBS Boston

    Mix of sun and clouds, temperatures in the 50s expected for Easter Sunday – CBS Boston

    Mix of sun and clouds, temperatures in the 50s expected for Easter Sunday – CBS Boston

    UAH Global Temperature Update for March 2021: -0.01 degrees. C.

    UAH Global Temperature Update for March 2021: -0.01 degrees. C.

    UAH Global Temperature Update for March 2021: -0.01 degrees. C.

    UAH Global Temperature Update for March 2021: -0.01 degrees. C.

    Review of the “really unfathomable” April Fool’s Day blizzard of 1997 – CBS Boston

    Review of the “really unfathomable” April Fool’s Day blizzard of 1997 – CBS Boston

    Strong, potentially damaging winds are expected Monday – CBS Boston

    Strong, potentially damaging winds are expected Monday – CBS Boston

    Rain, potentially noxious winds arrive in New England Sunday afternoon – CBS Boston

    Rain, potentially noxious winds arrive in New England Sunday afternoon – CBS Boston

    Heavy rain, potentially noxious winds across New England expected Sunday – CBS Boston

    Heavy rain, potentially noxious winds across New England expected Sunday – CBS Boston

    Mild, above-average temperatures expected in New England spring – CBS Boston

    Mild, above-average temperatures expected in New England spring – CBS Boston

    Snow in the Boston area Friday coating likely only to 2 inches before warming up over the weekend – CBS Boston

    Snow in the Boston area Friday coating likely only to 2 inches before warming up over the weekend – CBS Boston

    Widespread 2-4 inches of snow for southern England expected Friday morning – CBS Boston

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In the midst of the abyss of arms

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January 23, 2021
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Guns are at the heart of the ever-changing nature of conflict and warfare. Shrinking borders and increasing connectivity lead to new ethical dilemmas in arms and armor. This paper uses the principle of jus Commercialium Armis – Arms trade only, to highlight the ethical issues related to arms and arms trade, especially in conflict areas. Weapons and armaments can be divided into conventional and unconventional weapons or weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) (Joenniemi, 1976). This paper focuses on “Small Arms and Light Weapons”.[1] – a subclass of conventional weapons. SALWs consist of three main sub-divisions: small arms, light weapons, and ammunition and explosives[2] (Kumar, 2008). Their characteristics make them the first choice for states in combat and explain their ubiquitous presence in any conflict. Their inexpensive, easy use and maintenance, increased efficiency and lethality, portability and concealability make them popular not only with state actors but also with non-state actors[3]. These properties present an ethical dilemma as to whether or not their trade is morally justified – something that this paper aims to explore. Before we get into this question, the paper will first explain the importance of the arms trade, how it works at different levels of analysis, followed by the purpose and methods by which it is practiced. Later, a case study on the civil war in the Central African Republic examines the arms trade from political, economic and legal points of view as well as from various theoretical concepts. In summary, through these arguments, the paper will build on the complex and contextual nature of the principle of jus Commercialium Armisthat seeks to theorize it.

Armament!

The arms trade cannot be seen as universal or as something that exists in a similar form or shape everywhere. Rather, it can be viewed using three levels of analysis; H. The individual, the interstate or subsystemic, and the systemic (Singer, 1961). The only one[4] The analysis level deals with trade within the sovereign borders of a state. The internal actors involved here include the national and state police and local private military contractors (PMCs). The subsystem level deals with trade between a few states or non-states[5] Actor. Rebels, terrorist outfits, and international PMCs are also included in the list of these external actors. However, trades among them are generally very covert or “hush trades”. Finally, the systemic level includes the arms trade between regional and international multilateral organizations and alliances such as the United Nations, the African Union, the European Union, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, etc. Police procurement of arms brings with it its own problems, brutality the police, racial exploitation and some kind of war against the lower class (Daryl, 2006). Arms trafficking in private individuals, PMCs and mercenaries raises concerns about increasing street gang violence, crime (LaFollette, 2000), privatization of war and guilt (Machairas, 2014). Similarly, there are other concerns related to the arms trade with outside actors. The monopoly of certain states over arms trafficking and corruption (Kapstein, 1994) means that a similar technology ends with all parties, making it increasingly difficult to distinguish between “allies” and “opponents”.

This categorization is important for understanding the arms trade, as each of these areas, especially with external actors, is associated with a different degree of legitimacy[6]. The ethical majority arguments are based on the idea of ​​legitimacy[7] of the actors involved. Legitimacy seems to coexist with the idea of ​​intimacy, home, familiarity and the way in which they shape the state or individual identity (Bulley, 2010). The other is viewed as illegitimate, regardless of the (possibly legitimate) context in which they are embedded. Hence, the legitimacy of certain actors is biased accredited so that categorization is required to understand different areas of the arms trade.

The purposes of the arms trade vary significantly by level. While at the first level the arms trade is largely justified on the pretext of national security, trade abroad looks different. Aside from being the main driver behind the arms trade, conflict can be addressed in a utilitarian way[8] or a deontological one[9] Path. The utilitarian approach builds on the two concepts of dependence and deterrence. States can indulge in the arms trade to make their buyers more dependent on them, while deceiving buyers into believing in the misconceptions of power and political influence that appear to accompany them. These weak points can then manifest themselves in political or other gains. Military dependency can also be reflected in cultural, linguistic and ethnic support for the supplier country. However, such an agenda must be read between the lines. States can supply weapons to prevent conflict in a particular region and to create more peace and stability (Vox, 2018). The Just War Theory[10] (Asad, 2009) can be optimized to justify the arms trade with external rebel groups waging a “just war” as it is in line with the R2P[11] of the supplier countries (Pattison, 2015). The decision to call an armed rebellion “just”, however, is enough to make this argument a problem. In addition, the deontological approach claims that the arms trade is wrong with any kind of rebellion. It is argued, however, that states inherently have the right to defend themselves for which the arms trade is warranted, even though this prohibits their resale to “oppressive regimes” or rebel groups who overthrow them, even if it does better protection of their own citizens would ensure (Christensen, 2015). However, this argument neglects the fact that poorer economies would then not have access to defense due to the lack of affordability of weapons. This briefly describes the conflicting purposes of the arms trade and their justifications at different levels.

Where is the arms fair?

The arms trade processes are important to understand jus Commercialium Armis. Weapons are seen as the materialization of state capabilities. The power-bound libido leads to a strong craving for weapons and the immense degree of satisfaction that comes with possessing them. That is fetishization of weapons. The desire for arms, fueled by conflict, hunger for money, power, and political affinity, leads to a competitive arms race. This makes the arms trade seem like a fair where interested parties buy the weapons of their choice secretly and not secretly and can be “entertained” by their live shows.

Intra-national arms movements usually involve a simple transfer of ownership between trading parties (The Illicit Market in Firearms 2019). When it comes to internationalization, however, things get more complicated. States often trade arms through intergovernmental agreements (IGAs) and formal diplomatic procurement procedures. These contracts are often made in advance and the guns are tailored as per the buyer’s requirements. States could also “trade” the number of troops and weapons at the systemic level[12]. Doing business with illegitimate non-state actors such as rebels and terrorists takes place as “business in silence”. This includes cross-border arms smuggling via illegal gray and black market channels (The Illicit Market in Firearms 2019), as explained later in the publication. Popular culture shows that PMCs and private arms manufacturers hold literal “arms fairs” to sell their products. Despite the lack of sufficient evidence, this possibility cannot be denied. The diversity in the manner in which the arms trade is carried out therefore nuances the principle of further jus Commercialium Armis.

Central African Republic

The Central African Republic (CAR) is a small landlocked country in the heart of the African continent. It has rich reserves of gold, diamonds and wood (In a civil war, most people have never heard of it 2017). In 1960 it gained independence from France. Since then, it has had a tumultuous past marked by bloodshed and several military coups. The nature of the conflict in the region was rather mixed. The most recent and ongoing civil war broke out in late 2012 with the new Séléka group[13] began to overthrow the northern and central CAR. They overthrew President Bozize’s government in March 2013, and Séléka leader Michel Djotodia was sworn in as president in August of this year (Profile of the Central African Republic – Timeline 2018). Djotodia suspended the constitution and dissolved the parliament of the Central African Republic, which led to a “complete breakdown of law and order,” as the then UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon (Profile of the Central African Republic – Timeline 2018) exclaimed. In October 2013, the UN Security Council approved the deployment of the UN peacekeeping forces (UNPKF) to support the AU and French troops already on the ground. Djotodia resigned in January 2014 for criticizing his inability to control sectarian violence among rivals. The Muslim Séléka and the Christian anti-balaka troops agreed on ceasefire talks in July 2014. The United Nations launched a MINUSCA peacekeeping mission[14], (CFR, 2020) Deployment of more troops in the Central African Republic alongside the French. It only got worse, however.

With all of the bloodshed, there have been multiple atrocities and crimes against humanity in the area. The armed groups together controlled about 70 percent of the CAR (HRW, 2019). The UN accused the anti-Balaka group that ethnic cleansing and kidnappings by the Lords Resistance Army (LRA) had increased significantly. Sexual violence is used as a weapon against women and children from the other sectors in order to take action against the opponents again (HRW, 2020). There are approximately 2.9 million people in need of humanitarian aid and 581,362 civilians estimated to be internally displaced (CFR, 2020). CAR ranked 188th out of 189 countries for life expectancy, income and education (An escalating crisis in the Central African Republic 2019). In 2015, France conducted an investigation into alleged child abuse by French soldiers deployed in the region to protect civilians (Central African Republic Profile – 2018 timeline). In one incident, large numbers of innocent civilians manipulated and armed by militants were killed in a confrontation with the UNPKF (Kokopakpa, 2018). These reflect, among hundreds of others, the dire state in which Central African Republic citizens live. Humanity is being pushed to the extreme. The protectors of the country become the perpetrators of countless terrible crimes themselves. This shows the pathetic situations and apathetic approach of governments and organizations to the real impact and human cost of the conflict.

The war and atrocities are fueled by the arms trade in this region. Such trading may not appear ethical. However, it can be turned over. Things could go worse without police work and foreign intervention. For example, following the withdrawal of the Ugandan armed forces, which fought the LRA for almost five years, there was a sudden surge in violence in April 2017, in which several UNPKF workers were killed and attacks were carried out on convoys and bases (Profile of the Central African Republic – Timeline 2018)). Hence, a constant flow of arms to resist the violent rebel groups might now sound morally permissible. However, the rebels’ procurement of similar weapons technology makes ethical trade difficult. Despite numerous arms embargoes, rebel groups and other non-state actors obtain advanced weapons through various illegal gray and black market channels (The Illicit Market in Firearms 2019), “ant trade”.[15] ((Illegal trafficking 2018) and corrupt state actors. In 2013, Sudan provided the new government of Séléka with military aid like previous governments. Weapons of Chinese and possibly Iranian origin have also been transferred to the Séléka government via Sudan, although this is a direct violation of the Chinese end-user agreement. It is believed that the anti-Balaka rebels were armed with Spanish, Italian and Cameroonian weapons (Non-state armed groups in the Central African Republic 2015). In December 2017, Russia applied for permission from the United Nations to deliver weapons to the Central African Republic for “peaceful purposes” despite the embargo. However, it was viewed as a Russian attempt to bolster the existing multi-billion dollar arms trade with Africa (WPR, 2018). China and the US have also made military vehicles and weapons available to the Central African Republic government to enhance their military capabilities and use them for humanitarian purposes (Kelly, 2019). However, it should be remembered that the government is formed by a rebel group. The weapons described are along with the thousands of troops already stationed in the Central African Republic. The ubiquity of the tiered arms trade makes CAR a perfect case study for analyzing various theoretical concepts and the principle of jus Commercialium Armis from an empirical lens.

The truth of Jus Commercium Armis

The principle of jus Commercialium Armis cannot be considered a monolithic binary of right or wrong. Arms trade is a complicated system. The earlier parts of the paper describe certain ethical approaches to certain aspects of the arms trade. Now the arms trade as a whole will be the focus. Given the civil war in the Central African Republic, the arms trade can be viewed from a political, economic and legal perspective.

Weapons are seen as a material manifestation of the capabilities of the state and are therefore synonymous with power. This is a very one-dimensional view of power politics[16] as a coercive strategy (Lukes, 2005). However, this is not the case. With considerable dominance over arms trade and supply, states exercise multidimensional power politics. Two-dimensional political power can be exercised with weapons[17] and make the others formulate guidelines favorable to the supplier. In addition, the support of rebel groups in the formation of a new government through the arms trade could lead to the creation of a soft corner with the supplier state. This finally realizes the power of the third dimension. In considering the politics of the arms trade, its influence on the administration of bodies must not be forgotten. The arms trade supports thanato politics by providing certain weapons[18]. It enables the creation of killable bodies based on their “different” ethnicity, religion or political affiliation (Joronen, 2016). The submission of the lives of the citizens of the Central African Republic to power and death by arms opens the ground for necropolitics. Necropolitics brings certain bodies closer to death in different ways. Incidents such as the manipulation and arming of innocent civilians give them the status of “living dead” – living bodies that are treated like disposable corpses. At constant risk of death, CAR nationals constantly live on the fringes (Mbembé and Meintjes, 2003). On the contrary, notions of biopolitics[19] also seem to flow from the arms trade (Joronen, 2016). The presence of weapons with the “right” authority ensures the lives of civilians and helps them to get out of this chaos. Therefore, the political view of the arms trade can in no way be viewed as monochromatic.

The economic point of view of the arms trade points in the direction of the marketing of arms. The fetishization of weapons creates a whole arms economy that is ruled by market forces. This indicates a shift towards neo-liberal ideas of globalization, privatization and the financialization of weapons. Like all other trading markets, arms trading markets can be viewed in terms of supply and demand. Suppliers intuitively dictate the market when there is excessive demand[20] and vice versa. However, when suppliers are faced with a lack of demand, they can fuel dormant conflict to stimulate demand (The Illicit Market in Firearms 2019). The offer takes care of the manufacture and sale of weapons without moving them from “legal” to “illegal”. This shady work is often liked by notorious private traders and “rogue states” (Schroeder et al., 2006). The demand for weapons is motivated by various obvious factors like money, hard power, influence, etc. Factors like “patriotism[21]Conflict mentality[22] and gun culture[23]”Also have a significant impact on the arms demand and supply chains (J. Arsovska et al., 1970).

Nevertheless, this neoliberal market model can easily be problematized. Defense is a classic example of a public good that the state must make available to all citizens (P. Levine et al., 1997). The privatization of this responsibility carries the potential risk of exclusion, marginalization of certain communities, and increased precariousness of life. In addition, this denies the poorer states that cannot afford to participate in such elite markets their right to security. This often results in obsolete weapons technology being dumped at low rates in such states, thereby jeopardizing their security. The beauty of this neoliberal framework lies in the fact that it tries to solve this problem by advocating foreign direct investment[24] in the military infrastructure to make states independent. However, it remains unclear how poor, conflict-ridden states like the Central African Republic fit into this model, in which even the basic needs for survival are not guaranteed. Therefore, jus Commercialium Armis might apply when talking about ethical gun use (which is very problematic in itself[25]) in legitimate markets, although it fades when markets become partisan to certain states and societies.

Several legal frameworks regulate and limit the arms trade and spread at national and international level, with a focus on non-state actors. States have different national arms control and arms trade laws. At the international level, the arms trade treaty[26] (ATT) (United Nations, 2013) is seen as a milestone for better regulation and elimination of the illicit arms trade. Other framework conditions such as international humanitarian law and the Geneva Convention lay down guidelines for conduct and participation for PMCs in armed conflicts. Several arms embargoes are imposed by various nations and bodies such as the UN in conflict regions. Recently on 28th In July 2020, the United Nations unanimously extended the sanctions and arms embargoes against the Central African Republic until July 31st August 2021 (United Nations Security Council, 2020). Despite extensive laws, the line between legal and illegal trade is difficult to draw. These laws are hundreds of pages long and contain simple details and exceptions. They can be circumvented by governments or non-state actors, creating gray markets. Weapons traded here are often referred to as “misplaced, lost or forgotten” (The Illicit Market in Firearms 2019). Black markets clearly violate international laws and trade in illegally procured weapons without government consent in various ways (The Illicit Market in Firearms 2019) (Jackson, 2010). In addition, non-state actors such as PMCs are considered extrajudicial actors due to their rare, if not absent, mention in international conventions. The non-binding nature of international laws helps them evade any legal accountability for weapons. Even during mediation, the role of multilateral organizations is limited due to a lack of jurisdiction. In January 2015, the government of the Central African Republic rejected the ceasefire agreement between two militia groups simply because it was not at the table (Profile of the Central African Republic – Timeline 2018). In conflict-ridden regions, where there is almost a vacuum for state capacity, the situation is even worse. The reality could not be so bleak if state capacities could be improved and better domestic laws enforced. However, this remains a utopian idea, since the national governments formed in conflict regions are not legitimized.

When theorizing, appropriate categories are created. You will assign concepts and events to specific tailored categories to better explain them. Various categories are also used throughout this paper to illustrate and simplify the arms trade. Exclusions are created as an epiphenomenon for creating categories. The interaction between these exclusion zones and the categories reveals structural differences that are institutionalized and create asymmetrical hierarchies. These hierarchies create zones of need (Stump, 2020). In the context of the Central African Republic, neediness could be understood as the need for peace, stability and security. The exclusion zone, i.e. H. CAR, when it comes into contact with the free western world, leads to the creation of CAR as a zone of need. This need can only be met through ethical intervention in various forms including the arms trade. This confirms jus Commercialium Armis. However, the synthesis of categorical boundaries is embedded in the context in which they are created. Hence, it would be wrong to identify categories as universal.

Without categories, everything appears in border areas. Boundary spaces can be viewed as intermediate gray areas in which binary files are blurred in spectra (Perugini & Gordon, 2017). Since we are in border areas, more emphasis is placed on the contextual than on the absolute nature of things. This also applies to the embodiment of the arms trade (Wilcox, 2016). Arms can be embodied as tangible and affective terms. The trade in tangible weapons, which includes machines, personnel, technology, etc., is easy to pinpoint. The weapon and dissemination of affective ideas such as the emotional burden of conflict, sexual abuse, trauma, etc. is difficult to calculate and often goes unnoticed. Affective ideas are also seen as equivalent to the tangible embodiment of the poor in border areas. This is also because the affective embodiment of weapons is also heavily racialized and gender-specific, and the marginalized races and genders are over-represented. At the moment when different types of embodiment interact with the realistic and positivistic context, tangible empiricism is privileged over the affective concepts. This reinforces the complexity of the ethical theory of the arms trade.

Conclusion

In conclusion, using different levels at which the arms trade operates, different approaches to arms trade purposes and methods in the context of the Central African Republic, this paper examined how the ethics of the arms trade can be viewed for contrasting political reasons. economic, legal and theoretical aspects. After a thorough analysis of the situations and their association with theoretical concepts, it is argued that the concept of jus Commercialium Armis is very contextual. In the midst of the weapons abyss, it exists in a borderline space where each construction of the category embeds it in a context in which its truth or falsehood can be argued. Still, the paper provides a starting point for an exciting journey into researching the ethics of the arms trade.

References

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[1] Hiermit als “SALWs” oder “Waffen” bezeichnet.

[2] Kumar beschreibt “Kleinwaffen” als Waffen, die normalerweise von einer oder zwei Personen getragen werden können und Gewehre, Pistolen, Revolver, Maschinenpistolen (SMGs) usw. umfassen. Er verwendet den Begriff “leichte Waffen”, um schwerere Maschinengewehre, Handgranaten, Granatwerfer, Flugabwehr- oder Flugabwehrkanonen und Raketensysteme, Raketengranaten (RPGs) usw. zu bezeichnen. Munition und Sprengstoff umfassen Patronen und Granaten sowie Raketen für Kleinwaffen bzw. leichte Waffen.

[3] Zu den staatlichen Akteuren zählen Regierungen international anerkannter Staaten. Auf der anderen Seite beziehen sich nichtstaatliche Akteure auf einflussreiche Organisationen oder Einzelpersonen, die keinem Staat angeschlossen sind.

[4] Nach Singers Argumentation sieht die individuelle Analyseebene das individuelle Staatsoberhaupt als einen wichtigen Einflussfaktor für das staatliche Verhalten. Es geht insbesondere um das staatliche Verhalten, das von der politischen Denkweise des Staatsoberhauptes formuliert wird, das wiederum von persönlichen Faktoren oder der Innenpolitik innerhalb des Staates beeinflusst werden kann. Dieses Papier verwendet diese Definition und betrachtet die individuelle Analyseebene des Waffenhandels als den internen (Binnen-) Handel, der den größeren Standpunkt der Staaten zum Waffenhandel beeinflusst.

[5] Im Allgemeinen konzentriert sich die subsystemische Analyseebene nur auf zwei bis wenige staatliche Akteure. In der Diskussion um den Waffenhandel kann die Definition jedoch aufgrund ihrer bedeutenden Rolle auch auf nichtstaatliche Akteure ausgedehnt werden.

[6] In diesem Papier umfassen externe Akteure Akteure sowohl auf subsystemischer als auch auf systemischer Ebene von Analysen.

[7] Ein Akteur kann als legitim angesehen werden, wenn er die geltenden Regeln und Gesetze einhält. Legitimität beruht außerdem auf der Fähigkeit, die eigenen Handlungen oder Verhaltensweisen zu rechtfertigen.

[8] Utilitarismus oder Konsequentialismus ist ein Ansatz zur Rationalisierung, der von einem Philosophen Jeremy Bentham geprägt wurde. Es beurteilt Handlungen nach ihrem Nutzen oder ihrer Konsequenz. Einfach ausgedrückt, rechtfertigen die Ziele die Mittel. Aktionen für das größte Glück der größten Anzahl können durch diesen Ansatz gerechtfertigt werden.

[9] Die Deontologie ist eine Denkschule zur Annäherung an ethische Dilemmata, die von einem deutschen Philosophen Immanuel Kant geprägt wurden. It refers to a universalised approach to morals where anything wrong is wrong despite its outcomes or intentions. According to it, one can act morally only when they adhere to the universalised principles.

[10] Just War theory operates on two principles – jus ad bellum and jus in bello. These refer to just actions before going to war and just actions during war respectively. Each of these principles enumerate certain provisions that a state must refer to while planning to intervene or launch a war. They also act as a guide for states to have a just conduct when at war.

[11] R2P (Responsibility to Protect) is the moral responsibility of a state to protect citizens of any state against oppressive states which inflict violence and mass suffering and commit crimes against humanity.

[12] States contribute to the peacekeeping forces of international or regional organisations in varied capacities. This contribution can also be looked at as the “trade of personnel” on an international level because in the end, they are deployed in a particular state on peacekeeping missions.

[13] Séléka is an alliance of rebel militia groups that sought control over the CAR in March 2013 under the leadership of their leader Michel Djotodia. Members of this group are almost all Muslims.

[14] UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilisation Mission in CAR.

[15] Ant-trade refers to the process where numerous small deliveries of arms that get accumulated overtime as illicit arms by unauthorised users.

[16] Steven Lukes in his book “Power: A Radical View” describes three-dimensional approaches of power. To simplify. The one-dimensional view sees power as coercive. Essentially state A exercises power over state B when it makes state B not do or do something that B would otherwise may or may not want to do. According to the two-dimensional view of power, A sets the agenda of discussion and does not give B the platform to bring up any conflicts it might have with A in any form. The third dimensional view of power is the structural form of power where B does not even realise that it has a conflict or a potential conflict with A.

[17] Power is politicised and used to achieve political motives and authority. This way, it translates into political power and hence is used interchangeably.

[18] Thanatopolitics is the management or governance of death which entails the sovereign right to kill by providing characteristic (often seen as pathological) justifications making certain bodies killable.

[19] Biopolitics is the governance of citizen lives and constantly improve the standards of living.

[20] Supply does not meet the demand causing prices to go up.

[21] Values and devotion to one’s own nation state which glorifies its possession of arms.

[22] Feeling of fear, hostility, insecurity and distrust that prevails in the minds of people after prolong conflict or socio-economic stresses.

[23] Notion of glory, attachment, power and pride attached to possession and use of arms.

[24] Foreign Direct Investments are investments made by a state into another state to uplift particular sectors of the economy of the other state.

[25] The idea of ethical consumption refers to the use of product that is righteous depending on how they are marketed. However, such an argument effaces the exploitative or immoral processes involved in its manufacturing or distribution.

[26] Adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2013 and came into force on 24 December 2014. It has been ratified by 109 states and further 32 states have signed, but not ratified it.


Written at: Ashoka University
Written for: Professor Ananya Sharma
Date written: August 2020

Further reading on E-International Relations



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